Stroke: Recognize Symptoms, Act Fast, and Reduce Your Risk
Stroke happens when blood flow to part of the brain stops. That can be from a clot (ischemic stroke) or a bleed (hemorrhagic stroke). Brain cells die within minutes, so quick action saves function and saves lives. This page tells you how to spot a stroke, what to do right away, and practical steps to lower your risk.
Spot the warning signs
Use the FAST trick: Face — ask the person to smile. If one side droops, that’s a red flag. Arms — ask them to lift both arms; weak or drifting arm is a concern. Speech — slurred or strange words mean trouble. Time — if you see any of these, call emergency services now. Other signs include sudden severe headache, confusion, trouble seeing, dizziness, or loss of balance. Don’t wait for every sign to appear. Any sudden neurological change deserves immediate attention.
What to do right away
Call emergency services first. Emergency teams can start treatment faster and get you to a hospital equipped for stroke care. Note the exact time symptoms began — that helps doctors decide treatment. If the person is conscious, keep them comfortable and lying down with head slightly raised. Do not give food, drink, or medication unless instructed by professionals. If the person is unconscious and not breathing normally, start CPR if you’re trained.
At the hospital, doctors will use CT or MRI scans to find the stroke type. For ischemic stroke, clot-busting drugs or clot-removal procedures can help if given early. For bleeding strokes, surgery or other interventions may be needed. Quick treatment lowers the chance of long-term disability.
Preventing a stroke starts with managing risks you can control. High blood pressure is the top risk — keep it checked and treated. Control diabetes, quit smoking, limit alcohol, and aim for a healthy weight. Regular exercise, a balanced diet rich in vegetables and whole grains, and managing cholesterol all help. If you have atrial fibrillation, talk to your doctor about blood thinners to lower clot risk.
Recovery after stroke varies. Rehab often includes physical, occupational, and speech therapy. Early rehab helps regain strength and skills. Family support and setting small, clear goals speed progress. Medication to prevent another stroke, like antiplatelets or anticoagulants, may be prescribed. Keep follow-up appointments and ask your team for specific home exercises and tips.
Know where your nearest stroke-ready hospital is and teach family and coworkers the FAST signs. Quick recognition plus fast medical care makes the biggest difference. If you want practical checklists or rehab tips, check trusted health sites or ask your healthcare provider for tailored guidance.
Keep important items ready: a list of medications, emergency contacts, known medical conditions, and allergy info. Wear a medical ID if you have heart rhythm problems. Practice FAST with loved ones so everyone knows what to do. Early action, clear information, and steady follow-up boost recovery chances and lower the risk of another stroke. Ask questions until you understand.
May, 28 2023